The shock absorber is a device that reduces the impact of jolts and vibrations in a vehicle. There is usually one shock absorber per tire on most cars. The tires and the steering wheel work together to ensure that the car's movements are minimized and that the tires always remain in contact with the road, which is critical for the brakes to function properly and for steering the vehicle to be as precise as possible.

Through the process of heat exchange, it dissipates the kinetic energy of the suspension movement into the air, which slows down the vibration intensity.

The piston inside every shock absorber moves within an oil-filled tube, so from a design standpoint, every shock absorber has a piston. Through the small holes inside a piston, oil gets pumped into the system. In turn, this controls the level of suspension movement and the amount of resistance.

Shock Absorber Types

The shock absorbers that your vehicle uses will depend on its type and suspension design: Here are some of the most basic types:

• A twin tube shock absorber: consists of two cylindrical tubes-the inner tube is called the "pressure tube," and the outer tube is called the "reserve tube." The piston moves within the inner tube. Hydraulic fluid is stored in the outer tube. Fluid is controlled between the cylinders by the base valve, and some damping force is provided by it as well. Damping is primarily accomplished by valves located within the piston.

• The gas-charged twin-tube type. Unlike twin-tube types, it uses nitrogen to replace oxygen in the reserve tube. As a result, the foaming liquid is less likely to seep from the assembly.

• Sensor-based damping. It is like twin-tube shocks in design. In addition to the nitrogen gas, it contains two cylindrical tubes. It is equipped with grooves inside the pressure tube, which make it easier for the piston to move. As a result, the suspension damping level is adjusted according to the type of road surface.
  

An acceleration-sensitive damping system. In addition to providing a smooth ride, this shock absorber responds to individual bumps in the road. Modified compression valves are used in the system, which is basically a closed loop system that opens a bypass to allow fluid to pass through. As the road condition changes, the value automatically adjusts.

• The coil-over. It consists of a spring that wraps around the damper and then sits directly on top of it. It has a coil around a shock absorber.

Shock Absorber Replacement Signs

When shock absorbers are used heavily, they can wear out. When it's time to have your shock absorbers replaced, you'll be able to tell quite easily. Watch out for these signs:

1. If your shock absorber is damaged, you will find that it takes 20% longer for your car to come to a complete stop.

2. The car dips or swerves when you hit the brakes-If your car dips or swerves when braking, it's time to change the shock absorbers. This will adversely affect the quality of your driving especially when it's wet.

3. When you steer across, do you feel any vibrations through your hands? It might be a good idea to have your shock absorbers checked if this is the case. Upon contact with the road, you should not feel any vibration in your car.

4. Windy days can cause your car to slide or veer across the road. A new set of shock absorbers might be necessary if you have the same case.

5. It's possible that your shock absorbers are damaged if your car rattles or rolls when going over rail tracks or uneven roads. It can also cause motion sickness in addition to putting unnecessary strain on other components.

6. Your tires may not have equal contact with the road if you notice one or two tires with bald patches or uneven damage, which can happen when your shock absorbers aren't working properly.

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